English Grammar For Classes 3 to 5

English Grammar Topics

Class 3 Grammar Topics

• Nouns (Common, Proper, Collective)
• Pronouns (he, she, it, they, etc.)
• Verbs (Action Words)
• Adjectives (Describing Words)
• Articles (a, an, the)
• Prepositions (in, on, under, over, etc.)
• Conjunctions (and, but, or)
• Tenses – Simple Present
• Punctuation (Capital letters, Full stops, Question marks)
• Sentence Making (Simple and short sentences)

Class 4 Grammar Topics

• Nouns (Countable and Uncountable)
• Pronouns (Personal, Possessive)
• Verbs – Simple Tenses (Present, Past)
• Adjectives (Comparative, Superlative)
• Adverbs (of Manner, Time, Place)
• Prepositions (with examples)
• Conjunctions (and, but, because, so)
• Tenses – Simple Past & Present Continuous
• Subject-Verb Agreement
• Types of Sentences (Statement, Question, Command, Exclamation)

Class 5 Grammar Topics

• All Types of Nouns and Pronouns
• Tenses – Present, Past, Future (Simple and Continuous)
• Adjectives & Degrees of Comparison
• Adverbs – Kinds and Uses
• Conjunctions and their Usage
• Prepositions of Time and Place
• Articles – Usage Rules
• Subject-Verb Agreement (Advanced)
• Direct and Indirect Speech (Basic Introduction)
• Active and Passive Voice (Simple Introduction)

Nouns – Class 3 Grammar

What is a Noun?

A noun is the name of a person, place, animal, or thing.

Examples: boy, school, cat, pen

Types of Nouns

1. Common Nouns

Common nouns are general names of people, animals, places, or things.

Examples: girl, city, dog, book

2. Proper Nouns

Proper nouns are special names of people, places, or things. They always begin with capital letters.

Examples: Riya, Delhi, India, Monday

3. Collective Nouns

Collective nouns refer to a group of people, animals, or things.

Examples: team, bunch, herd, class

Practice Time!

Can you tell which type of noun is used in these?

• The team won the match. – Collective Noun
• Tom is reading a book. – Proper Noun
• She has a bag. – Common Noun

Pronouns – Class 3 Grammar

What is a Pronoun?

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

Examples: he, she, it, they, we, I, you

Why Do We Use Pronouns?

To avoid repeating the same nouns again and again.

Example:

Wrong: Rita is a girl. Rita loves to dance.

Correct: Rita is a girl. She loves to dance.

Common Pronouns

• I – when you talk about yourself
• He – for a boy or man
• She – for a girl or woman
• It – for a thing or animal
• We – for yourself and others
• They – for many people, animals or things
• You – when talking to someone

Practice Time!

Choose the correct pronoun:

• (He/She) is my sister. – She
• (It/They) are playing football. – They
• (I/You) am going to school. – I
• (It/He) is a cat. – It

Verbs – Class 3 Grammar

What is a Verb?

A verb is a word that shows an action or state of being.

Examples: run, eat, dance, jump, sing

Types of Verbs

1. Action Verbs

These verbs show what someone or something is doing.

Examples: play, write, jump, sleep

2. Being Verbs

These verbs show a state of being. They include is, am, are, was, were.

Examples: She is happy. I am a boy.

More Examples

• I eat an apple.
• She is my friend.
• We run in the park.
• The dog barks.

Practice Time!

Underline the verb in each sentence:

• He plays football.
• I am a student.
• They run fast.
• She eats a mango.

Adjectives – Class 3 Grammar

What is an Adjective?

An adjective is a word that describes a noun or a pronoun.

Examples: big, small, red, happy, three

Why Do We Use Adjectives?

Adjectives make our sentences more interesting by giving more details about people, animals, places, or things.

Example: She has a beautiful dress.

Types of Adjectives

1. Describing Adjectives

Tell us about quality or color.

Examples: tall, soft, red, shiny

2. Number Adjectives

Tell us how many.

Examples: one, two, many, few

3. Size Adjectives

Tell us about size or shape.

Examples: big, small, round, tiny

Examples in Sentences

• The blue sky looks nice.
• He has two dogs.
• It is a big elephant.
• She wore a beautiful dress.

Practice Time!

Underline the adjective in each sentence:

• The happy child is playing.
• They saw a huge ship.
• He has three pens.
• The cold water felt good.

Articles – Class 3 Grammar

What are Articles?

Articles are words that come before nouns. They help us talk about things clearly.

There are 3 articles: a, an, the

1. Article "a"

Use "a" before words that begin with a **consonant sound**.

Examples: a dog, a pen, a mango

2. Article "an"

Use "an" before words that begin with a **vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u)**.

Examples: an apple, an elephant, an inkpot

3. Article "the"

Use "the" when you are talking about something specific or already known.

Examples: the sun, the moon, the red car

Examples in Sentences

• I saw a bird in the tree.
• She has an orange bag.
• The Taj Mahal is in India.

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with a, an, or the:

• It is ___ umbrella.
• She ate ___ banana.
• We saw ___ elephant at the zoo.
• ___ moon looks bright tonight.

Prepositions – Class 3 Grammar

What is a Preposition?

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence.

It often shows position, place, time, or direction.

Examples of Prepositions

• on – The book is on the table.
• in – The pen is in the box.
• under – The cat is under the chair.
• behind – He stood behind the door.
• near – The school is near my house.

Types of Prepositions

1. Prepositions of Place

Tell us where something is.

Examples: in, on, under, behind, over, near

2. Prepositions of Time

Tell us when something happens.

Examples: at, on, in, before, after

3. Prepositions of Direction

Show movement from one place to another.

Examples: to, into, onto, out of

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions:

• The dog is ___ the table. (under/on)
• We go to school ___ the morning. (in/at)
• He walked ___ the park. (through/to)
• My bag is ___ the chair. (on/under)

Conjunctions – Class 3 Grammar

What is a Conjunction?

A conjunction is a word that joins two words or sentences.

Examples: and, but, or, because, so

Common Conjunctions

• and – joins similar ideas.
  I like apples and oranges.
• but – joins opposite ideas.
  He is small but strong.
• or – shows choice.
  Do you want tea or coffee?
• because – gives a reason.
  She is happy because she won.
• so – shows result.
  It was raining, so we stayed home.

Examples in Sentences

• I have a pencil and a pen.
• He is tired but he is working.
• You can come now or later.

Practice Time!

Choose the correct conjunction:

• I wanted to go out ___ it was raining. (but/and)
• We can eat pizza ___ burgers. (or/because)
• He fell ___ he was running fast. (because/so)
• She is kind ___ helpful. (and/or)

Tenses – Class 3 Grammar

What is Tense?

Tense tells us the time when an action happens.

It shows whether something happens in the past, present, or future.

Types of Tenses

1. Present Tense

It shows something that is happening now.

Example: She plays with her dog.

2. Past Tense

It shows something that happened before.

Example: He played cricket yesterday.

3. Future Tense

It shows something that will happen later.

Example: They will go to the zoo tomorrow.

More Examples

• Present: I eat an apple.
• Past: I ate an apple.
• Future: I will eat an apple.

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with the correct tense:

• She ___ (go) to school every day. [Present]
• We ___ (play) football yesterday. [Past]
• They ___ (visit) us next week. [Future]

Punctuation – Class 3 Grammar

What is Punctuation?

Punctuation marks are symbols used to make writing clear and easy to understand.

They show pauses, ends of sentences, and emotions.

Common Punctuation Marks

• Full Stop (.) – Used at the end of a sentence.
  I have a pet dog.
• Question Mark (?) – Used at the end of a question.
  What is your name?
• Comma (,) – Used to separate words in a list.
  I bought apples, bananas, and grapes.
• Exclamation Mark (!) – Shows surprise or strong feeling.
  Wow! That’s amazing!
• Apostrophe (’) – Shows possession or contractions.
  It’s my friend’s bag.
• Capital Letters – Used at the beginning of sentences and for names.
  My name is Riya.

Practice Time!

Add the correct punctuation:

• what is your favourite color ___
• we went to the park ___ played games
• he has a cat a dog and a rabbit
• ouch ___ that hurt
• its raining outside

Sentence Making – Class 3 Grammar

What is a Sentence?

A sentence is a group of words that makes complete sense.

A sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop (.), question mark (?) or exclamation mark (!).

Rules for Making Sentences

• Use simple words.
• Begin with a capital letter.
• End with proper punctuation.

Examples of Simple and Short Sentences

• The sun is hot.
• I like mangoes.
• She is my friend.
• We play every day.
• It is raining.
• This is my book.
• Cats drink milk.
• He runs fast.

Make Sentences Using the Following Words:

• dog
• school
• rain
• bird
• ball

Example: The dog is barking.

Nouns – Countable and Uncountable (Class 4)

What is a Noun?

A noun is a word that names a person, place, animal, thing, or idea.

Countable Nouns

Countable nouns are the nouns that can be counted.

Examples: apple, car, book, pencil, dog

• We can say one book, two books, many books, etc.
• They have plural forms (book → books).

Uncountable Nouns

Uncountable nouns are the nouns that cannot be counted individually.

Examples: water, sugar, rice, milk, air

• We do not use numbers directly before them.
• They do not have plural forms.

Practice Time!

Separate the following nouns into countable and uncountable:

• chair, oil, banana, tea, egg, flour, pen, juice, salt, table

Try to write them in two columns: Countable and Uncountable.

Pronouns – Class 4

What is a Pronoun?

A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun.

Example: Rani is kind. → She is kind.

1. Personal Pronouns

Used to talk about people or things.

• Subject Pronouns: I, you, he, she, it, we, they
• Object Pronouns: me, you, him, her, it, us, them

Example: We play cricket. / She helps me.

2. Possessive Pronouns

Used to show ownership or possession.

• my, your, his, her, its, our, their
• mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

Example: This is my book. / That pencil is mine.

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with correct pronouns:

1. _____ am going to school. (I/Me)
2. This is _____ bag. (your/yours)
3. Ravi is my friend. _____ is a good boy. (He/Him)
4. That toy is _____. (my/mine)
5. We love our school. It is _____ second home. (our/ours)

Verbs – Simple Tenses (Class 4)

What is a Verb?

A verb is a word that shows action or state of being.

Example: run, eat, play, is, are, was

1. Simple Present Tense

Used for actions that happen regularly or facts.

• I eat an apple every day.
• She goes to school.
• We play in the park.

Note: Add s or es with he/she/it.

2. Simple Past Tense

Used for actions that happened in the past.

• I ate an apple yesterday.
• He played football last evening.
• They visited the zoo.

Note: Use past forms of verbs (go → went, play → played).

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with correct tense:

1. I _____ (go) to school every day.
2. She _____ (read) a book last night.
3. We _____ (play) cricket every Sunday.
4. They _____ (watch) a movie yesterday.
5. He _____ (eat) mangoes every summer.

Adjectives – Comparative & Superlative (Class 4)

What is an Adjective?

An adjective is a word that describes a noun.

Example: tall, short, big, small

1. Comparative Adjectives

Used to compare two people, animals, or things.

• Add -er to short adjectives (tall → taller)
• Use more with longer adjectives (beautiful → more beautiful)

Example: Rina is taller than Tina.

2. Superlative Adjectives

Used to compare more than two people or things (show the best or most).

• Add -est to short adjectives (tall → tallest)
• Use most with longer adjectives (beautiful → most beautiful)

Example: Rina is the tallest girl in the class.

Examples

• Fast → Faster → Fastest
• Big → Bigger → Biggest
• Happy → Happier → Happiest
• Important → More important → Most important

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of adjective:

1. This road is _____ than that one. (long)
2. My bag is the _____ of all. (heavy)
3. Rita is _____ than her sister. (smart)
4. This is the _____ movie I have ever seen. (good)
5. Elephants are _____ than horses. (big)

Adverbs – Manner, Time, Place (Class 4)

What is an Adverb?

An adverb is a word that tells more about a verb. It tells how, when, or where something happens.

Example: She sings sweetly.

1. Adverbs of Manner

Tell us how an action is done.

• slowly, quickly, neatly, happily
• Example: He writes neatly.

2. Adverbs of Time

Tell us when an action happens.

• now, yesterday, today, soon, later
• Example: I will visit you tomorrow.

3. Adverbs of Place

Tell us where an action happens.

• here, there, everywhere, outside, inside
• Example: The children are playing outside.

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with a suitable adverb:

1. She danced _____ at the party. (manner)
2. We will go to the zoo _____. (time)
3. The dog is barking _____. (place)
4. He speaks very _____. (manner)
5. My brother arrived _____. (time)

Prepositions (Class 4)

What is a Preposition?

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and another word in the sentence.

Example: The book is on the table.

Common Prepositions

• in, on, under, over, behind
• beside, between, near, inside, outside

Examples:

• The cat is under the chair.
• The ball is between the boxes.
• He sat beside his friend.

Usage Tips

Prepositions are usually followed by a noun or a pronoun.

Example: The gift is for you.

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions:

1. The pencil is _____ the box.
2. The dog is hiding _____ the sofa.
3. They walked _____ the park.
4. The picture is hanging _____ the wall.
5. He jumped _____ the pool.

Conjunctions – and, but, because, so (Class 4)

What is a Conjunction?

A conjunction is a word that joins two words, groups of words, or sentences.

Example: I like apples and oranges.

Common Conjunctions

• and – joins similar ideas.
  I like tea and coffee.
• but – shows contrast.
  She is small but strong.
• because – gives reason.
  He is happy because he won a prize.
• so – shows result.
  It was raining, so we stayed inside.

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with and, but, because, or so:

1. I wanted to go outside, _____ it was too hot.
2. She bought pencils _____ crayons.
3. He is tired _____ he worked all day.
4. The boy is clever _____ lazy.
5. It was cold, _____ we wore jackets.

Tenses – Simple Past & Present Continuous (Class 4)

Simple Past Tense

We use the Simple Past Tense to talk about actions that happened in the past.

Example: She went to the park yesterday.

• I played football last evening.
• They visited their grandmother.

Present Continuous Tense

We use the Present Continuous Tense to talk about actions that are happening now.

Formula: am/is/are + verb + ing

Example: She is reading a book.

• I am writing a letter.
• They are playing in the garden.

Practice Time!

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb:

1. He _____ (go) to school yesterday.
2. I _____ (eat) an apple now.
3. They _____ (watch) TV last night.
4. We _____ (play) cricket right now.
5. She _____ (dance) on stage yesterday.