Academic Quiz: Science and Technology, Chemistry

Academic Quiz: Science and Technology, Part-2, Chemistry 

### Question 11:

**What is the chemical symbol for gold?**

a) Au 

b) Ag 

c) Pb 

d) Fe 

**Answer:** a) Au 

**Explanation:** The chemical symbol for gold is Au, which comes from the Latin word 'Aurum,' meaning shining dawn.

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### Question 12:

**What is the most abundant element in the Earth's atmosphere?**

a) Oxygen 

b) Nitrogen 

c) Carbon dioxide 

d) Argon 

**Answer:** b) Nitrogen 

**Explanation:** Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere, making it the most abundant element.

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### Question 13:

**What is the pH value of pure water?**

a) 5 

b) 7 

c) 8 

d) 10 

**Answer:** b) 7 

**Explanation:** Pure water has a neutral pH of 7, which is neither acidic nor basic.

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### Question 14:

**What is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy?**

a) Respiration 

b) Photosynthesis 

c) Fermentation 

d) Transpiration 

**Answer:** b) Photosynthesis 

**Explanation:** Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight to synthesize foods with the aid of chlorophyll.

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### Question 15:

**Which gas is produced during photosynthesis?**

a) Carbon dioxide 

b) Oxygen 

c) Nitrogen 

d) Hydrogen 

**Answer:** b) Oxygen 

**Explanation:** During photosynthesis, plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen, releasing oxygen into the atmosphere.

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### Question 16:

**What is the chemical formula for water?**

a) H2O 

b) CO2 

c) O2 

d) NaCl 

**Answer:** a) H2O 

**Explanation:** The chemical formula for water is H2O, consisting of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

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### Question 17:

**What is the second lightest element in the periodic table?**

a) Helium 

b) Hydrogen 

c) Lithium 

d) Beryllium 

**Answer:** a) Helium 

**Explanation:** Helium is the second lightest element in the periodic table, with an atomic number of 2, following hydrogen, which is the lightest.

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### Question 18:

**Which acid is present in citrus fruits?**

a) Acetic acid 

b) Citric acid 

c) Lactic acid 

d) Sulfuric acid 

**Answer:** b) Citric acid 

**Explanation:** Citrus fruits contain citric acid, which gives them their characteristic sour taste.

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### Question 19:

**What is the process by which a liquid turns into a gas below its boiling point?**

a) Condensation 

b) Sublimation 

c) Evaporation 

d) Boiling 

**Answer:** c) Evaporation 

**Explanation:** Evaporation is the process where a liquid turns into a gas at temperatures below its boiling point, typically occurring at the surface of the liquid.

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### Question 20:

**What is the study of carbon compounds called?**

a) Inorganic chemistry 

b) Organic chemistry 

c) Physical chemistry 

d) Analytical chemistry 

**Answer:** b) Organic chemistry 

**Explanation:** Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that studies carbon-containing compounds, typically containing carbon-hydrogen bonds.

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This quiz is designed to test basic knowledge in chemistry with clear, concise answers and explanations for each question.